02 Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals - part 14 - Reproductive Health

02 Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals - part 14 - Reproductive Health


Reproductive Health: 
  • According to World Health Organisation (WHO), reproductive health means total wellbeing in all aspects of reproduction- its emotional, behavioural and social aspects along with the physical ones. 
  • Therefore, a society with people having physically and functionally normal reproductive organs and normal emotional and behavioural interactions amongst them in all sex-related aspects might be called reproductively healthy society. 
  • Of all the social goals of India, an important one is to attain total reproductive health. 
  • India was amongst the first few countries in the world to initiate action plans and programmes at a national level to improve reproductive health. 
  • All these improved programmes cover wider areas related to reproduction. 
  • These programs are currently in operation under the Reproductive and Child Health Care (RCH) programmes.
Goals of RCH Programmes: 
  • To create awareness among people about various aspects related to reproduction. 
  • To provide the facilities to people to understand and build up reproductive health. 
  • To provide support for building up a reproductively healthy society. 
  • To bring about a change mainly in three critical health indicators i.e.reducing total infertility rate, infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate. 
The goals of RCH can be achieved by the following ways: 

  • By introduction of sex education in schools. 
  • Schools should be encouraged to provide correct information to the young so as to discourage children from believing in myths and clear the misconceptions about sex related aspects. 
  • Proper information about safe and hygenic sexual practices, sexually transmitted diseases (STD, AIDS), problems related to adolescence and proper information about reproductive organs. 
  • With the help of audio- visual and the print media, government and non- government organisations should take various steps to create awareness about various aspects related to reproduction. 
  • By educating the younger generation about birth control measures, pre-natal care of pregnant woman and post-natal care of the mother and child, importance of breast feeding. 
  • By developing awareness about problems arising due to uncontrolled population growth, social evils like sex abuse and sex related crimes and take up necessary steps to prevent them. 
  • By creating awareness about statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex determination.
  • By creating awareness about child immunization programmes.
  • By educating couples to reduce mortality rate of new borns and maternal mortality rate. 
  • The population in India which was approximately 350 millions at the time of independence, reached close to a billion mark by 2000 and crossed 1.2 billion in May 2011. 
  • Now in 2020 population of India has crossed 1.35 billions. 
  • The government is taking serious measures to check this population growth. 
  • The most important step to overcome this problem, is to motivate society to have smaller families by using various birth control methods. 

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