08 Respiration and Circulation - part 06 - Transportation in living organisms

 

08 Respiration and Circulation - part 06 - Transportation in living organisms


Transportation in living organisms :
  • All living organisms exchange of material with their surrounding as well as between various parts of the their cell or body.
  • Organisms take up oxygen and nutrients from the surrounding.
  • These are circulated within the body for various metabolic activities.
  • The wastes generated within are given out into the surrounding.
  • Transportation in organisms and animals occurs - 
  1. By diffusion and 
  2. By active transport between the cells. 
  • This mechanism is suitable where the surface area of body is large and the distance between parts of the body in the organism is extremely small. 
  • Cyclosis is the streaming movement of the cytoplasm shown by almost all living organisms 
  • e.g. Paramoecium, Amoeba, root hair cells of many plants and WBCs in animals. 
  • It is for transportation within the cell or intracellular transport. 
  • In sponges and coelenterates the surrounding water is circulated through the body cavities.
  • In flat worms there is parenchymal circulation.
  • In round worms there are no blood vessels and the body fluid is moved around the viscera by contraction of body wall and muscles. This is extracellular transport.

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