10 Human Health and Diseases - part 10 - Addiction

 

10 Human Health and Diseases - part 10 - Addiction

Addiction :
  • This is a complex condition characterised by compulsive use of substance despite of its harmful consequences. 
  • Addiction may involve the use of substances (drugs) such as alcohol, opioids, cocaine, nicotine and others or behaviours such as gambling.
  • There is scientific evidence that the addictive behaviours share key neurobiological features. 
  • They intensely involve brain pathways of reward and reinforcement, affecting motivation, which involve the neurotransmitter dopamine. 
  • It is important to know that the neurological changes are reversible after the substance-use or behaviour is discontinued.
  • Addiction overall result in the impairment of physical, physiological and psychological functions of the body.
Causes of substances abuse during Adolescence :
  1. Insufficent parental supervision and monitoring.
  2. Lack of communication between child and parents.
  3. Poorly defined rules.
  4. Family conflicts.
  5. Favorable parental attitudes towards alcohol and drug uses.
  6. Expectations from drugs use.
  7. Risk taking behavior.
Methods /measures to control drug abuse :-
  1. Always remember ‘Prevention is better than cure’.
  2. Avoid undue pressure – A child should not be forced to perform beyond his /her capacities in studies, sports and other activities.
  3. Education and Counselling of child to face problems and stress, to accept disappointments and failures as a part of life. 
  4. Channelize the energy of child in sports, studies and other constructive activities.


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